Early Signs of Tourette Syndrome in Children: What Parents Need to Know
The 2026 BAFTA Awards brought Tourette Syndrome (TS) into the spotlight when host Alan Cumming thanked the audience for their understanding after involuntary comments from TS activist John Davidson. Davidson, invited to celebrate the nomination of 'I Swear', a film based on his life, experienced vocal tics during the ceremony, including shouting the N-word at presenters Michael B Jordan and Delroy Lindo.
The BBC apologized, stating: 'Some viewers may have heard strong and offensive language during the Bafta Film Awards 2026. This arose from involuntary verbal tics associated with Tourette syndrome, and was not intentional.' However, the broadcaster faced criticism for what some called a 'throw away apology'.
This incident underscores the importance of education about TS, a condition that manifests in various ways and can be unsettling to witness. Davidson was diagnosed at age 12, but symptoms can appear as early as six years old.
Recognizing Early Symptoms of Tourette Syndrome
While Tourette's can be diagnosed at any age, symptoms typically emerge around six years old and become more noticeable by age ten. The condition is more common in boys than girls, and genetic factors play a role, with increased likelihood if a parent has TS.
The primary symptom is tics, which are involuntary movements or sounds. Kim Mitchell, CEO of Tourette's Syndrome Inclusion in the Community (T.I.C.), explains: 'Tics can start off very small, usually you will notice things like rapid eye blinking or sniffing. It is more common for children to be diagnosed young, however as many tics can go unmissed, later stresses such as hormones and school anxiety can increase symptoms appearing to cause a later onset.'
Common vocal tics include:
- Whistling, sniffing, or clearing the throat
- Making animal sounds
- Repeating words or phrases
Common motor tics include:
- Eye rolling or blinking
- Shoulder shrugging
- Jerking or twitching movements
- Stomach muscle tensing
- Jumping or sniffling
Mitchell emphasizes that TS is a spectrum condition: 'Some individuals may have more simple tics and others more complex, but the impact they have on each individual is no less for someone who does not fit the stereotypical expectations.'
Understanding Tic Suppression and Coprolalia
Tics can be temporarily suppressed, but this requires significant effort and is not a long-term solution. Suppression often leads to increased tension or fatigue. T.I.C. notes: 'Some people are naturally able to suppress their tics at times and others work hard to do so. Not everyone has the ability, and the discomfort and exhaustion it brings is often a reason many choose not to.'
Many individuals with TS experience premonitory sensations—urges similar to needing to sneeze or scratch an itch—that are relieved only by completing the tic.
In rare cases, tics involve repetitive swearing, known as coprolalia, which affects about 10% of people with TS. Mitchell clarifies: 'Tics are not a representation of what an individual is thinking. Most coprolalia comes from a place of anxiety, fear of upsetting someone or saying the wrong thing. As a society, we know what we can and can't say, and that fear of saying it will often result in the tic coming out.'
Diagnosis and Treatment Pathways
If you suspect your child shows signs of TS, consult a physician promptly. A confirmed diagnosis typically involves referral to a paediatrician or child and adolescent psychiatrist.
While there is no cure for TS, education and understanding are crucial first steps. Progress has been made thanks to activists like Davidson and young people sharing their experiences online.
Treatment options include:
- Behavioural therapy to help manage tics
- Medication, which may vary if conditions like ADHD or OCD are present
- Lifestyle adjustments such as consistent routines, physical activity, calm sleep habits, and stress reduction
Stress management is particularly important, as stress can exacerbate tics. By recognizing early signs and seeking appropriate care, parents can better support children with Tourette Syndrome.
