New South Wales has recorded its highest number of deaths in custody in a single year, prompting renewed calls for systemic reform and independent oversight. According to official data, at least 25 people died while in police or prison custody in 2025, surpassing the previous record set in 2022.
Alarming Statistics
The figures, released by the NSW Ombudsman, reveal a 40% increase compared to the annual average over the past decade. The deaths include 18 men and 7 women, with Indigenous Australians disproportionately affected, accounting for nearly half of the fatalities despite making up only 3% of the state's population.
Key Factors Identified
Preliminary reports indicate that many deaths were linked to inadequate medical care, delayed emergency responses, and the use of excessive force. The Ombudsman's office has highlighted systemic failures, including insufficient staff training and overcrowding in correctional facilities.
- Medical Neglect: At least 10 deaths involved chronic health conditions that were not properly managed.
- Delayed Response: Emergency services took over 30 minutes to arrive in several cases.
- Use of Force: Two deaths occurred during restraint by police or prison officers.
Calls for Reform
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Social Justice Commissioner June Oscar described the figures as a national shame. She called for the implementation of all 139 recommendations from the 1991 Royal Commission into Aboriginal Deaths in Custody, many of which remain unaddressed.
“We are seeing a crisis that has been decades in the making,” Oscar said. “The government must act now to prevent further loss of life.”
Government Response
NSW Premier Chris Minns expressed condolences and announced a $50 million package aimed at improving healthcare in prisons and increasing oversight. However, critics argue that the funding is insufficient and that independent oversight bodies need greater powers.
The NSW Police Force has also come under scrutiny, with internal reviews underway into the handling of custody cases. Police Commissioner Karen Webb stated that the force is committed to transparency and will cooperate fully with any inquiries.
Broader Context
Nationally, deaths in custody have been rising, with 2025 seeing the highest number since records began. Advocacy groups are pushing for a national independent watchdog to monitor custodial deaths and ensure accountability across all states and territories.
The issue has reignited debates about mandatory sentencing, bail policies, and the over-incarceration of Indigenous Australians. Experts warn that without significant structural changes, the death toll will continue to climb.
