A powerful new investigation, presented in a Guardian Audio Long Read, challenges the global perception of Buddhism as an inherently peaceful philosophy. The podcast, narrated by Dinita Gohil and based on reporting by Sonia Faleiro, reveals a disturbing trend across South-East Asia where elements of the religion are being co-opted to fuel nationalist and extremist agendas.
A Philosophy Weaponised
The central premise of the podcast is stark: Buddhism is being actively weaponised. While the faith, with its core tenets of non-violence and compassion, is still largely viewed as a force for peace, the report details how in several nations it has been twisted to serve starkly political and ethnic objectives. The narrative of religious and cultural purity is being used to marginalise and incite violence against minority groups, most notably Muslim communities in countries like Myanmar and Sri Lanka.
The work draws on powerful testimony and analysis, suggesting that for some radical factions, the spiritual goal of attaining nirvana can wait. In its place, a more immediate and worldly mission of asserting dominance and defending a perceived national identity has taken priority. This shift represents a profound corruption of Buddhist teachings.
Nationalism in Monks' Robes
The report focuses significantly on the situations in Myanmar and Sri Lanka, where Buddhist nationalist movements have gained considerable influence. In Myanmar, groups such as Ma Ba Tha have been linked to anti-Muslim rhetoric and violence against the Rohingya minority, a crisis that has drawn international condemnation. The podcast explores how monastic networks have been mobilised to support a majoritarian vision of the state.
Similarly, in Sri Lanka, hardline Buddhist organisations like Bodu Bala Sena (Buddhist Power Force) have been accused of stoking communal tensions. The report examines how these groups position themselves as protectors of Sinhala-Buddhist heritage, often framing other religious communities as existential threats. This politicisation occurs against a complex backdrop of post-colonial identity and civil conflict.
Global Repercussions and a Contested Future
This rise of Buddhist extremism has serious implications beyond national borders, affecting regional stability and international human rights discourse. The phenomenon also creates a deep internal conflict for the global Buddhist community and complicates the diplomatic stance of world leaders. The report implicitly contrasts these militant movements with the globally recognised message of peace from figures like the Dalai Lama.
The Guardian's Audio Long Read, supported by photography from Dinuka Liyanawatte of Reuters, does not merely present a news story; it provides crucial context. It forces a re-evaluation of simplistic assumptions about religion and conflict. The podcast serves as an essential resource for understanding how even the most pacifist of traditions can be manipulated, revealing the dangerous intersection of faith, ethnicity, and political power in modern South-East Asia.
